BGuthrie Photos: MD -- Monocacy Natl Battlefield -- Best Farm (incl NJ, UDC, and MD monuments)

MD -- Monocacy Natl Battlefield -- Best Farm (incl NJ, UDC, and MD monuments):

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[1] MONOBF_190929_001.JPG	[2] MONOBF_190929_005.JPG	[3] MONOBF_190929_009.JPG
[4] MONOBF_190929_017.JPG	[5] MONOBF_190929_019.JPG	[6] MONOBF_190929_022.JPG
[7] MONOBF_190929_025.JPG	[8] MONOBF_190929_032.JPG	[9] MONOBF_190929_036.JPG
[10] MONOBF_190929_039.JPG	[11] MONOBF_190929_045.JPG	[12] MONOBF_190929_047.JPG
[13] MONOBF_190929_049.JPG	[14] MONOBF_190929_051.JPG	[15] MONOBF_190929_054.JPG
[16] MONOBF_190929_057.JPG	[17] MONOBF_190929_075.JPG	[18] MONOBF_190929_084.JPG
[19] MONOBF_190929_088.JPG	[20] MONOBF_190929_094.JPG	[21] MONOBF_190929_098.JPG
[22] MONOBF_190929_101.JPG	[23] MONOBF_190929_104.JPG	[24] MONOBF_190929_110.JPG
[25] MONOBF_190929_113.JPG	[26] MONOBF_190929_119.JPG	[27] MONOBF_190929_121.JPG
[28] MONOBF_190929_124.JPG	[29] MONOBF_190929_128.JPG	[30] MONOBF_190929_137.JPG

Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. MONOBF_190929_001.JPG: 1862 Antietam Campaign Lee Invades Maryland Fresh from victory at the Second Battle of Manassas, Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River on September 4-6, 1862, to bring the Civil War to Northern soil and to recruit sympathetic Marylanders. Union Gen. George B. McClellan's Army of the Potomac pursued Lee, who had detached Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's force to capture the Union garrison at Harpers Ferry. After the Federals pushed the remaining Confederates out of the South Mountain gaps, Lee awaited Jackson's return near Sharpsburg and Antietam Creek. On September 17, at the battle of Antietam, the two armies clashed in the bloodiest single day in American history and suffered some 23,000 casualties. Lee soon retreated across the Potomac, ending his first invasion of the north. Follow in the footsteps of Gens. Lee and McClellan along Maryland Civil War Trail's Antietam Campaign: Lee Invades Maryland, a 90 mile tour route that allows you to explore the stories of triumph and tragedy at more than 60 Civil War sites. Please travel carefully as you enjoy the beauty and history along the trail.
2. MONOBF_190929_005.JPG: The Lost Order Shrouded in a Cloak of Mystery Antietam Campaign 1862 After crossing the Potomac River early in September 1862, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee reorganized the Army of Northern Virginia into three separate wings. On September 9, he promulgated his campaign strategy - to divide his army, send Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson to attack Harpers Ferry, and send Gen. James Longstreet toward Hagerstown - was described in Special Orders No. 191, seven copies of which were distributed to his senior subordinates. Gen. D.H. Hill received a copy through Jackson, but Lee's headquarters sent Hill a second copy that he was not expecting. Placed in an envelope with two cigars, this copy was lost en route to Hill. On September 13, Co. F, 27th Indiana Infantry, stacked arms and rested near the Georgetown Pike just south of Frederick. A soldier found the envelope. It soon reached Gen. George B. McClellan, who jubilantly exclaimed that he held the Confederate battle plan in his hands! The available evidence does not indicate exactly where the orders were found but suggests the Best Farm, which occupied the ground for a mile north from here. McClellan had his army moving toward Lee by the next morning, surprising him and forcing him into battle before Lee had consolidated his army. Frederick Junction was a small community located here, 3 miles south of the city of Frederick, during the war. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, connecting Baltimore with West Virginia, and the main road south to Washington, D.C., crossed the Monocacy River at this point. Union troops were posted here to protect the junction and its bridges. The Federals also crossed the Monocacy here in 1863 on their way north to Gettysburg. In 1864, Union Gen. Lew Wallace delayed Confederate Gen. Jubal A. Early's raid on Washington, D.C., in a pivotal struggle here.
3. MONOBF_190929_009.JPG: The Lost Order
4. MONOBF_190929_017.JPG: "Rebel Cavalry crossing the Georgetown Turnpike bridge... near Frederick junction"
5. MONOBF_190929_022.JPG: Frederick Junction was a small community located here, 3 miles south of the city of Frederick, during the war. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, connecting Baltimore with West Virginia, and the main road south to Washington, D.C., crossed the Monocacy River at this point. Union troops were posted here to protect the junction and its bridges. The Federals also crossed the Monocacy here in 1863 on their way north to Gettysburg. In 1864, Union Gen. Lew Wallace delayed Confederate Gen. Jubal A. Early's raid on Washington, D.C., in a pivotal struggle here.
6. MONOBF_190929_025.JPG: L'Hermitage In the late 1700s, a large slave village was constructed just beyond the building in front of you. By 1800, as many as 90 enslaved laborers were housed there, an unusually large number of slaves for this area. The enslaved people were the property of the Vincendi�re family, French planters who fled a slave revolt in Saint-Domingue (now Haiti) in 1793. They acquired land and enslaved laborers to establish L'Hermitage plantation, seemingly intent on recreating the Caribbean slave system here in Frederick County. Local authorities, however, did not favor their approach; court records indicate that members of the household were accused of mistreating their slaves and withholding food and clothing. L'Hermitage was sold in 1827, and there was never again a sizable slave population at the farm. "One can see a row of wooden houses and one stone house...[and] instruments of torture, stocks, wooden horses, whips, etc....They foam with rage, beat the negroes, complain and fight with each other." -- Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz's 1798 eye-witness accounts of L'Hermitage In 2003, archaeologists confirmed the location of the L'Hermitage slave village. Building foundations and artifacts unearthed at the site shed light on a dark past and help tell the stories of the people who toiled here.
7. MONOBF_190929_032.JPG: In 2003, archaeologists confirmed the location of the L'Hermitage slave village. Building foundations and artifacts unearthed at the site shed light on a dark past and help tell the stories of the people who toiled here.
8. MONOBF_190929_039.JPG: Caught in the Crossfire Since the war's onset John T. Best had grown accustomed to seeing Union and Confederate soldiers on his farm, but the morning of July 9, 1864, was different. Shots rang out on the farm and a battle ensued. Confederate artillery moved into the fields, exchanging fire with Union artillery on the heights. Union infantrymen were easy targets for Confederate sharpshooters hidden in Best's barn until a Union artillerist spied puffs of smoke from the sharpshooters' rifles. Union artillery pounded the barn, setting it on fire and destroying it along with tools, harvested crops, and hay. "The second shot burst inside the barn, and so did the third, and the fourth; the barn was soon on fire...." -- Private Frederick Wild, Alexander's Baltimore Battery Best Farm was a crossroads of war. Armies from both sides frequently camped here throughout the Civil War, like these soldiers posing for a camp side photo. John and Margaret Best hid in the house with their children during the battle. The Bests filed claims against the Federal government after the war for property that Union soldiers stole or destroyed in 1862. No claims are known for the 1864 destruction. These fragments of dishes, broken during the 1864 battle, were found buried near the farmhouse.
9. MONOBF_190929_045.JPG: "The second shot burst inside the barn, and so did the third, and the fourth; the barn was soon on fire...." -- Private Frederick Wild, Alexander's Baltimore Battery Best Farm was a crossroads of war. Armies from both sides frequently camped here throughout the Civil War, like these soldiers posing for a camp side photo.
10. MONOBF_190929_047.JPG: John and Margaret Best hid in the house with their children during the battle. The Bests filed claims against the Federal government after the war for property that Union soldiers stole or destroyed in 1862. No claims are known for the 1864 destruction.
11. MONOBF_190929_049.JPG: These fragments of dishes, broken during the 1864 battle, were found buried near the farmhouse.
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